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美高学生都在读哪些书?
2022-11-14 发表
来源:网络

美国学生从小就被鼓励多读书,几乎每个学校在寒暑假时都会给一个“reading list”(阅读清单)。这些书本包罗万象,可以帮助学生增长见识,发散思维,培养critical thinking skills(辩证性思考方式)。而这些能力和技能都是美国大学在招生时想要从学生身上看到的。

美国阅读教育公司Renaissance根据700万学生在阅读软件(Accelerated Reader)的追踪记录,覆盖26344所美国学校、2.5亿本书,发布了针对K-12学生的阅读调查报告,数据表明:美国高中生9-11年级平均阅读书籍数量在4.5-5.4本,平均阅读量在22万字左右

所以对于打算赴美留学的学生而言,阅读量大,不论对于词汇量的积累,标化考试、文书还是面试,甚至是进入美高课堂,都极为占优势。

因此今天学美给大家挑选了几本受欢迎的美高必读书单推荐。

 

1、To Kill a Mockingbird《杀死一只知更鸟》

作者:Harper Lee

内容简介:Harper Lee’s first novel, which was published in 1960, tackles issues of racial and social injustice in the South. Set in Alabama, it introduces readers to Atticus Finch, a lawyer who defends a Black man accused of raping a white woman. The point-of-view comes from Atticcus’s daughter, Scout, while Boo Radley, their reclusive neighbor, adds another dimension to this classic story of racism and childhood. Lee’s work won her a Pulitzer Prize and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Because of some racial language, the book has been challenged in many schools throughout America.

推荐理由:《杀死一只知更鸟》是一本在美国教育史上极负盛名的经典小说。奥巴马曾经公开送给过女儿两本书,其中一本就是《杀死一只知更鸟》。

这本书涉及了国家、种族、阶级、性别、年龄等各个层次里的歧视与偏见,也展示了人在固有环境中挣脱狭隘与偏见的理性光辉。虽然是极其富教育意义的著作,但书中并未直接向读者展示世界的真善美。相反地,作者以一个成长中的八岁小女孩对世界的认知行文,完全以一个孩子的世界来思考、观察这个世界。

1961年,该书获当年度普利策奖,被翻译成四十多种语言,在世界范围内售出超过三千万册,同年被改编成同名电影。

 

2、The Great Gatsby 《伟大的盖茨比》

作者:F. Scott Fitzgerald

 

内容简介:Nick Carraway, a Midwest transplant and Yale graduate, moves to West Egg, Long Island. Carraway enters a world of extravagance when he becomes entangled with millionaire Jay Gatsby and socialite Daisy Buchanan. The novel is viewed as a cautionary tale about achieving the American dream of wealth and excess.

推荐理由:《伟大的盖茨比》是美国作家F. Scott Fitzgerald 所写的一部以20世纪20年代的纽约市及长岛为背景的短篇小说,被誉为美国文学“爵士时代”的象征,是美国文学中一部不朽的经典,也是美国高中文学课的必读书。

小说对20世纪20年代美国社会的阴暗面进行了深度的描绘:巨大的财富背后的腐化堕落,放荡,饮酒作乐, 婚外情,揭露了看似一片繁华的美国社会里暗藏的种种矛盾和危机,被誉为是美国梦颓废消极面的警世通言。

 

3、Of Mice and Men《人鼠之间》

 作者:John Steinbeck

 

内容简介:"Of Mice and Men" tells the story of George and his simple-minded friend, Lennie. The two have to get new jobs on a ranch because of some trouble in Lennie’s past. The novel, set during the Great Depression, tackles topics of poverty, sexism, and racism.

推荐理由:《人鼠之间》不仅艺术地展现了田园牧歌式的农庄生活和残酷的社会现实的冲突,而且反映了人对生存条件的真切感受。“鼠与人的最佳设计往往落空”——正是人类生存处境的形象写照,体现作品包含的悲剧内涵和哲学意蕴使之升华为一篇代表普遍经验的现代寓言。

此书被搬上“百老汇”舞台,1938年被授予该年度“纽约戏剧评论奖” ;1941年被拍成电影。在英国普通中学教育证书考试中,90%的答案来自《人鼠之间》等三本书

 

4《1984》

 作者: George Orwell

 

内容简介:George Orwell describes a dystopian future rife with war and one where the government—led by Big Brother—controls the truth and snuffs out individual thought. The protagonist, Winston Smith, becomes disillusioned with the Party, and he rebels against it. Although it was published in 1949, the novel had a resurgence in 2017.

推荐理由:《1984》是英国左翼作家乔治·奥威尔于1949年出版的长篇政治小说。在这部作品中奥威尔刻画了一个令人感到窒息的恐怖世界,在假想的未来社会中,独裁者以追逐权力为最终目标,人性被强权彻底扼杀,自由被彻底剥夺,思想受到严酷钳制,人民的生活陷入了极度贫困,下层人民的人生变成了单调乏味的循环。

这部小说与英国作家赫胥黎著作的《美丽新世界》,以及俄国作家扎米亚京著作的《我们》并称“反乌托邦的三部代表作”。这部小说已经被翻译成62种语言,全球销量超过3000万册,是20世纪影响力最大的英语小说之一。2015年11月,该作被评为“最具影响力的20本学术书之一”。

 

5、The Giver  《记忆传授人》

作者: Lois Lowry

内容简介:This 1993 young adult dystopian novel tells of a society that values similarity and not individuality. People are discouraged from being different and are given jobs that will best serve the community. Those who don’t like their role are "released," which means they are forced to leave society. One person is assigned the role of the Giver, and tasked with holding onto memories. Young Jonas becomes the new Giver. With his new memories, his awareness grows and he begins to question life. The movie adaptation of the book was released in 2014.

推荐理由:本书是一部科幻小说,颇富创意、鼓励青少年自主思考与行动。不仅获美国纽伯瑞儿童文学金奖,还在美国初级中学必读图书,加拿大高中必读图书之列。

在《美国人民最喜爱的一百种书》调查中,《记忆传授人》也是脱颖而出,名列前茅。美国《纽约时报》曾经评价道:“它是一部雷霆万钧,容易引起共鸣的小说。”

 

6、Brave New World  《美丽新世界》

作者: Aldous Huxley

 

内容简介:In "Brave New World," published in 1932, Aldous Huxley paints a picture of a dystopian future where people consume pills called soma to get a sense of instant bliss without side effects. Emotions, individuality, and lasting relationships aren’t allowed. A preordained class system is decided at the embryonic stage, with certain people getting hormones for peak mental and athletic fitness. Some historians believe the book’s plot could somewhat represent our actual future in the next 100 years.

推荐理由:这是一部寓言作品,展现了赫胥黎眼中的人类社会的未来图景:通过最有效的科学和心理工程,人类从遗传和基因上就已经被先天设计为各种等级的社会成员,完全沦为驯顺的机器,个性和自由被扼杀,文学艺术濒于毁灭。

此书是20世纪最经典的反乌托邦文学之一,具有浓厚的哲学思辨和政治意义,在国内外的文学思想界都产生了深远的影响

 

7、A short history of nearly everything 《万物简史》

作者:Bill Bryson

内容简介:In the bestselling, prize-winning "A Short History of Nearly Everything", Bill Bryson achieved the seemingly impossible by making the world of science both understandable and entertaining to millions of people around the globe. Now, in this glorious new illustrated edition, everything that has happened from the Big Bang to the rise of civilization is even more vividly brought to life with stunning full-colour photographs, drawings, portraits, and cartoons.

推荐理由:本书涵盖从宇宙大爆炸到文明兴起的各个领域,记录了这个追寻答案的探险历程,Bryson趣味性的语言及高超的写作技巧为这场时而深刻、时而有趣、时而豁然开朗、时而令人愉悦的冒险增色不少。推荐爱好历史的同学入手阅读!

 

8、The Odyssey《奥德赛》

作者:Homer

内容简介:"The Odyssey," a Greek epic poem, follows Odysseus as he travels back to the island of Ithaca after fighting in the war at Troy—something addressed in Homer’s poem, "The Iliad." When he returns home, he and his son, Telemachus, kill all the men who are trying to marry Odysseus’s wife, Penelope. In the end, Athena, the goddess of wisdom, victory, and war, intervenes. Like many Greek myths, it focuses on themes of love, courage, and revenge.

推荐理由:《奥德赛》是古希腊最重要的两部史诗之一(另一部是《伊利亚特》,统称《荷马史诗》)。

《奥德赛》延续了《伊利亚特》的故事情节,相传为盲诗人荷马所作。《奥德赛》共12000多行,也分为24卷。诗人把奥德修斯的10年海上历险,用倒叙的手法放在他临到家前40多天的时间里来描述。这10年惊心动魄的经历,包含了许多远古的神话,反映出经幻想加工过的自然现象以及古希腊人同自然的斗争和胜利。第9卷中所写的俄底修斯用计制胜巨人族波吕斐摩斯的故事,突出地表现了他的机智和勇敢。